99 DDDDrrrraaaafffftttt 9 JJJJaaaappppaaaannnneeeesssseeee NNNNaaaattttiiiioooonnnnaaaallll PPPPrrrrooooffffiiiilllleeee ffffoooorrrr PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX 99 VVVVeeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 1111....1111 DDDDeeeevvvveeeellllooooppppeeeedddd bbbbyyyy 9 IIIIPPPPSSSSJJJJ////IIIITTTTSSSSCCCCJJJJ SSSSSSSSIIII////PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX WWWWGGGG 99 JJJJuuuunnnneeee 1111999999991111 9 This is a working draft and is subject to change. Do not use this document for any other purposes than pure study and/or review. 9 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 2 FFFFoooorrrreeeewwwwoooorrrrdddd 3 (_T_h_i_s _F_o_r_e_w_o_r_d _i_s _n_o_t _a _n_o_r_m_a_t_i_v_e _p_a_r_t _o_f _t_h_i_s _d_o_c_u_m_e_n_t, _b_u_t 4 _i_s _i_n_c_l_u_d_e_d _f_o_r _i_n_f_o_r_m_a_t_i_o_n _o_n_l_y.) 5 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX (this document), 6 is an attempt to define Japanese environments where ISO 9945 7 POSIX Standard is employed. 8 This document was developed by SSI/POSIX Working Group of 9 Information Technology Standards Commission of Japan 10 (ITSCJ), Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ). 11 The base of this document was the one titled Japanese 12 National Profiles for POSIX, Preliminary Draft, ITSCJ 13 SSI/POSIX, September 1990, and was registered as 14 JTC1/SC22/WG15 N122 in November 1990. 15 It must be noted that there are still quite a few number of 16 issues to be solved to define Japanese National Profile for 17 POSIX. One of them is the definition of POSIX National 18 Profile itself and interrelationship among various POSIX 19 National Profiles. It must be mentioned here that to cover 20 such issues, SSI/POSIX Working Group is working on another 21 document titled Guidelines for POSIX National Profiles. 22 Other unresolved issues will be discussed in the appropriate 23 sections in this document. 24 At this point of time, this document has nothing to do with 25 formal national body conformance. It is however the 26 intention of SSI/POSIX Working Group that when Japanese 27 national body starts discussion in the future on such 28 standard of POSIX profile for Japanese environments, this 29 document should be used as the draft at its beginning. 30 Suggenstions and comments for improvement of this document 31 are welcome. They should be sent to: Foreword 1 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 32 Prof. Nobuo Saito 33 Chair of SSI/POSIX Working Group 34 Informaton Techonology Standards Commission of Japan 35 Kikai-Shinko Kaikan Bldg. 36 3-5-8 Shiba-Koen, Minato-ku, 37 Tokyo 105, JAPAN 38 Tel: +81-3-3431-2808 39 Fax: +81-3-3431-6493 40 email: posix@u-tokyo.ac.jp 2 Foreword Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 41 The following persons participated in the development of 42 this document in SSI/POSIX Working Group: 43 Yuichi Chujo, NTT 44 Kazuyoshi Fukumura, NEC 45 Nobuyuki Hikichi, SRA 46 Shiro Hikita, Sony 47 Yukiharu Imafuku, NTT Data 48 Akihisa Iwakawa, IBM Japan 49 Akio Kido, IBM Japan 50 Takao Komatsu, Mitsubishi 51 Akihiko Kudoh, NTT 52 Yutaka Matsumoto, Nihon Sun 53 Yasushi Nakahara, Toshiba 54 Shigekatsu Nakao, Fujitsu 55 Toshinori Numata, Fujitsu 56 Shinji Ohta, Fuji Xerox 57 Toshiharu Ono, Nihon UNISYS 58 Erik van der Poel, SRA 59 Nobuo Saito, Keio University 60 Masahiko Sekiguchi, Fujitsu 61 Hiroyuki Shiota, Fuji Xerox 62 Shin-ichi Yamada, NTT Data 63 Mamoru Yanagihara, DEC Japan Foreword 3 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 65 IIIInnnnttttrrrroooodddduuuuccccttttiiiioooonnnn 66 (_T_h_i_s _I_n_t_r_o_d_u_c_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _a _n_o_r_m_a_t_i_v_e _p_a_r_t _o_f _t_h_i_s _d_o_c_u_m_e_n_t, 67 _b_u_t _i_s _i_n_c_l_u_d_e_d _f_o_r _i_n_f_o_r_m_a_t_i_o_n _o_n_l_y.) 68 The purpose of this document is to define a minimal and 69 appropriate set of POSIX.1, POSIX.2 and C Standards for 70 Japanese environments where ISO 9945 POSIX Standard is 71 employed. 72 Following the definition of profile in TR10000-1, this 73 document defines only parameters and options. 74 Section 1 is for general matters such as scope, references, 75 objectives and conformance. The section also includes some 76 description on special remarks in Japanese National Profile, 77 mainly about Japanese characters. 78 Section 2 defines system parameters of POSIX.1, POSIX.2 and 79 C language. 80 Section 3 defines various Japanese locale. 81 Annex A, an informative section, is for rationale and notes 82 where available. 83 The changes from Version 1.0 to 1.1 are marked with "1" 1 84 which are all editorial. 4 Introduction Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 86 Section 1 GGGGeeeennnneeeerrrraaaallll 88 1.1 SSSSccccooooppppeeee 89 Japanese National Profile for POSIX is defined for Japanese 90 environments where ISO 9945 POSIX Standard is employed. 91 According to Guidelines for POSIX National Profiles, it 92 gives the specifications of the parameters and the 93 selections of optional items of POSIX Standard which are 94 strongly related to the functionalities to support 95 processing and the operation of the culture and language 96 dependent matters of Japan and Japanese. 98 1.2 RRRReeeeffffeeeerrrreeeennnncccceeeessss 99 The following standards contain provisions which constitute 100 provisions of this document. 101 o+ ISO 9945-1:1990, System Application Program Interface 102 (C language) (POSIX.1) 103 o+ IEEE P1003.2/D11, Shell and Utilities (POSIX.2) 104 o+ ISO 646 105 o+ ISO 2022 106 o+ ISO 8859 107 o+ ISO DIS 10646 108 o+ ISO/IEC Directive Part 3 109 o+ ISO 9899, Programming Languages - C 110 o+ ISO 9899 PDAM Part 3, Multibyte Support Extensions 111 o+ TSG-1 Final Report (Draft) 112 o+ IEEE P1003.0/D10 113 o+ Japanese version of ISO 646 114 o+ JIS X0201 115 o+ JIS X0208 1.2 References 5 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 116 o+ JIS X0212 117 o+ TR10000-1 118 o+ Guidelines for POSIX National Profiles 120 1.3 OOOObbbbjjjjeeeeccccttttiiiivvvveeeessss 121 The objectives of this document are: 122 o+ Define a minimal and appropriate set of specifications 123 to satisfy the needs for Japanese environment, as well 124 as to promote: 125 - POSIX conforming system implementation; 126 - Portable application development; 127 - Conformance test of them. 128 o+ Further define the following specifications in POSIX.1 129 and POSIX.2: 130 - Parameters 131 - Options 133 1.4 JJJJaaaappppaaaannnneeeesssseeee PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX CCCCoooonnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaannnncccceeee 135 1.4.1 SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm RRRReeeeqqqquuuuiiiirrrreeeemmmmeeeennnnttttssss 136 A Japanese POSIX conforming system implementation is 137 required to have following facilities and characteristics: 138 o+ The system shall support all required parameters and 139 options defined in this document. 140 o+ The system may support additional parameters and 141 options not required by this document. Such parameters 142 and options should be identified as such in the system 143 documentation. 145 1.4.2 AAAApppppppplllliiiiccccaaaattttiiiioooonnnn CCCCoooonnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaannnncccceeee 146 In Japan, there are several encoding schemes for Japanese 147 characters (e.g. JIS X0202, EUC, Shifted JIS, etc.). 148 Therefore, this profile does not care about encoding scheme. 149 It means that a Japanese POSIX conforming application shall 150 be character encoding independent. 6 General Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 152 1.4.3 CCCC llllaaaannnngggguuuuaaaaggggeeee 153 A Japanese POSIX conforming system shall support ISO 9899 154 (full functions). And also, 'Multibyte Support Extension' 155 specified in ISO 9899 PDAM Part 3 shall be supported, when 156 it has been adopted as an addendum of the International 157 Standard. 159 1.4.4 RRRReeeellllaaaattttiiiioooonnnnsssshhhhiiiipppp wwwwiiiitttthhhh PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX CCCCoooonnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaannnncccceeee 160 Since Japanese National Profile for POSIX is not necessarily 161 included in the POSIX Profile, those systems which pass the 162 Japanese National Profile for POSIX may not pass the POSIX 163 Conformance. 166 1.5 SSSSppppeeeecccciiiiaaaallll RRRReeeemmmmaaaarrrrkkkkssss iiiinnnn DDDDeeeeffffiiiinnnniiiinnnngggg JJJJaaaappppaaaannnneeeesssseeee NNNNa aattttiiiioooonnnnaaaallll PPPPrrrrooooffffiiiilllleeee 167 ffffoooorrrr PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX 169 1.5.1 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr NNNNaaaammmmiiiinnnngggg 170 In the character map table for Japanese environments, it is 171 necessary to assign a name for each of the Kanji characters, 172 the number of which is far more than several thousands. 173 Because the number is so large, it is very difficult to 174 assign a unique and meaningful name for each Kanji. 175 It might be possible to refer ISO DIS 10646 because ISO DIS 176 10646 contains all the characters in JIS X0208, including 177 Kanji, with their character names. In ISO DIS 10646, each 178 of the Kanji character names consists of associating code of 179 its position in JIS X0208. Although the naming method is 180 fine in terms of the uniqueness, the given name does not 181 imply any glyph nor meaning of the corresponding Kanji 182 character itself, i.e., the readers cannot guess the 183 character at all without looking at the JIS X0208 code 184 table. 185 Although ISO DIS 10646 might be a good reference for Kanji 186 character set, there is still another issue with it which is 187 associated with the character width. Many existing systems 188 is Japan distinguish what are called single width alphabet 189 and Katakana characters from double width ones. the former 190 is almost always referred to with JIS X0201, and the latter 191 with JIS X0208. ISO DIS 10646, on the other hand, does not 192 distinguish them each other. 194 1.5.2 GGGGllllyyyypppphhhh UUUUssssaaaaggggeeee iiiinnnn CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr MMMMaaaapppp TTTTaaaabbbblllleeee DDDDeeeeffffiii nnnniiiittttiiiioooonnnn 195 In the character map table of National Profile for POSIX, 196 all the characters used are defined with a portable 197 character set of POSIX. Based on this rule, it is not 198 allowed to use a Kanji character glyph in this character map 199 table. However, it is desirable if the format of the 200 character map table allows comment columns to have Kanji 201 character and other glyphs which will be of a great help for 1.5 Special Remarks in Defining Japanese National Profile for POSIX7 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 202 the readers to recognize the Kanji characters. 204 1.5.3 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr CCCCooooddddiiiinnnngggg 205 In Japan, A Kanji character set is defined as JIS X0208, and 206 October, 1990, a supplementary Kanji character set was 207 defined as JIS X0212. They are defined as Information 208 Interchange Code Sets, and they are encoded by using two 209 octet 7-bit code. Using ISO 2022 procedure, these are used 210 for transmission, and for processing in some cases. 211 In order to make the code processing more effective, several 212 encoding schemes like Shift-JIS or UJIS (JIS based on EUC) 213 are defined in Japan. Since there are many commercial 214 products which are based on these modified encoding scheme, 215 it is necessary to include some description about these 216 non-standard encoding scheme in the Japanese National 217 Profile for POSIX. 8 General Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 219 Section 2 PPPPaaaarrrraaaammmmeeeetttteeeerrrrssss aaaannnndddd OOOOppppttttiiiioooonnnnssss 221 2.1 CCCChhhhaaaarrrrmmmmaaaapppp ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....2222)))) 223 2.1.1 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr CCCCooooddddeeeessss aaaannnndddd GGGGllllyyyypppphhhhssss iiiinnnn tttthhhheeee NNNNaaaattttiiiiooo nnnnaaaallll SSSSttttaaaannnnddddaaaarrrrdddd 224 Japanese national body conforming POSIX systems are required 225 to have following facilities and characteristics: 226 Character repertoire: In addition to Japanese version of ISO 227 646, Japan has three coded character set 228 standards, namely JIS X0201, JIS X0208 229 and JIS X0212. In addition, many vendors 230 support user defined and/or vendor 231 defined characters called "Gaiji" that 232 are not part of the national standard 233 character sets. 234 However, Japanese national body 235 conformance requires the support of the 236 full repertoire of Japanese version of 237 ISO 646 and JIS X0208 only. At least one 238 charmap that includes all of the 239 Japanese version of ISO 646 and JIS 240 X0208 characters shall be provided. 241 Support for JIS X0201 and JIS X0212 is 242 recommended, though not required. 243 Encoding scheme: In Japan, there are several encoding 244 schemes for Japanese characters (e.g. 245 JIS X0202, EUC, Shifted JIS, etc.). 246 Therefore, this profile does not care 247 about encoding scheme. It means that 248 Japanese POSIX conforming application 249 shall be character encoding independent. 251 2.1.2 IIIImmmmpppplllleeeemmmmeeeennnnttttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn IIIIssssssssuuuueeeessss 252 A large number of characters and existence of character 253 codes that use state-depend encodings, among other reasons, 254 make it hard to write a charmap for the Japanese language. 255 To complicate the matter, most implementations treat the 256 overlapping characters in JIS X0201 and JIS X0208 as having 257 different encodings. 258 The problems we have encountered so far are: 259 o+ Some codesets employ stateful encoding scheme, where 260 the interpretation of an binary encoded sequence may 2.1 Charmap (POSIX.2) 9 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 261 change according to the designation/invocation at that 262 time. 263 o+ There are several encoding. Some systems and hardware 264 use proprietary ones. 265 o+ The agreement has never been reached on how to handle 266 the overlapping characters in JIS X0201 and JIS X0208 267 in charmap. 268 o+ It is impractical to list all the characters in the 269 national standard, since there are about 10,000 270 printable characters. 273 2.2 CCCCHHHHAAAARRRR____BBBBIIIITTTT aaaannnndddd CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr HHHHaaaannnnddddlllliiiinnnngggg iiiinnnn CCCC LLLLaaaan nnngggguuuuaaaaggggeeee ((((IIIISSSSOOOO 274 9999888899999999)))) 275 Japanese national body conforming POSIX systems are required 276 that the CHAR_BIT value shall be 8. 277 This means that the JIS X0208 character set is defined as a 278 non-single-byte extended character set in terms of ISO 9899, 279 and the MB_CUR_MAX value is equal to or greater than 2. 281 2.3 DDDDeeeelllleeeetttteeee CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 282 It is important to notice that delete character operation 283 should work normally even for multi-octet characters. That 284 is, if there is a Kanji character, delete character input 285 shall delete one Kanji character, as defined in POSIX.1. 287 2.4 FFFFiiiilllleeee NNNNaaaammmmeeee LLLLeeeennnnggggtttthhhh aaaannnndddd iiiittttssss HHHHaaaannnnddddlllliiiinnnngggg ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIX XXX....1111)))) 288 Japanese national body conforming POSIX systems are required 289 that the POSIX_NO_TRUNC variable shall be set to true so 290 that when the file name length exceeds the NAME_MAX in the 291 midst of a multi-octet character, the ENAMETOOLONG error is 292 reported without truncating a given file name string. 293 It is difficult and inefficient for the kernel to check the 294 character boundary in stead of reporting the ENAMETOOLONG 295 error because there might be escape characters intermingled 296 in the string. 297 The NAME_MAX value, the maximum file name length, should be 298 defined by considering the encoding scheme for multi-octet 299 character sets. 10 Parameters and Options Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 301 2.5 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr EEEEnnnnccccooooddddiiiinnnngggg ffffoooorrrr PPPPaaaatttthhhh NNNNaaaammmmeeee DDDDeeeelllliiiimmmmi iitttteeeerrrrssss ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 302 It is necessary for the kernel to detect the character 303 and in a path name, and these characters 304 may be encoded as both ISO 646 characters (1 octet) and JIS 305 Kanji characters (multi-octet). In order to avoid the 306 confusion, it is recommended to use only 1 octet encoding 307 for these two characters. 309 2.6 AAAArrrrcccchhhhiiiivvvveeee FFFFoooorrrrmmmmaaaatttt EEEExxxxtttteeeennnnssssiiiioooonnnnssss ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 310 (_T_o _b_e _p_r_o_v_i_d_e_d.) 2.6 Archive Format Extensions (POSIX.1) 11 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 312 Section 3 JJJJaaaappppaaaannnneeeesssseeee LLLLooooccccaaaalllleeee ((((IIIISSSSOOOO 9999888899999999 aaaannnndddd PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....22 2)))) 313 The character set defined and used in this section consists 314 of: 315 o+ Japanese version of ISO 646; 316 o+ All of the characters in JIS X0208. 317 Implementations shall suppport all of the above mentioned 318 characters, and may contain more characters to support 319 Japanese environments. The right-hand part of JIS X0201, 320 Katakana syllabary, is highly recommended to be supported by 321 implementations although the support is not mandatory for 322 the conformance. In this section, a recommended example for 323 the support of the right-hand part of JIS X0201 is given as 324 comment lines where available. 325 Note that the character set includes undefined code points 326 of JIS X0208. 327 Kanji are given names based on their ward-point number (in 328 decimal) preceded by the letter j. For LC_COLLATE 329 definition, another naming method is used for readabilily. 330 Neither of these naming methods themselves is a part of 331 requirement for the conformance. 333 3.1 LLLLCCCC____CCCCTTTTYYYYPPPPEEEE 334 Japanese national body conforming POSIX systems are required 335 to have following facilities and characteristics: the 336 LC_CTYPE category of the Japanese locale shall include the 337 full JIS X0208 repertoire. 338 The characters in JIS X0208 shall be given classes as shown 339 in the table below. Undefined character code points are not 340 given any classes because they are not printable nor control 341 characters: 342 (_T_h_i_s _t_a_b_l_e _i_s _n_o_t _c_o_m_p_l_e_t_e_d _y_e_t.) 343 TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 1111.... Character classes of JIS X0208 characters 344 In JIS X0208 print graph alnum alpha digit xdigit ... 8 345 _____________________________________________________________________ 346 Roman x x x x 347 Hiragana x x 348 Katakana x x 7 349 |8|7|7|7|9999999|8|7|7|7| 12 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 350 Kanji x x 351 Russian x x x x 352 Greek x x x x 353 Number x x x 354 Space x 7 355 |7|7|7|7|99999999|7|7|7|7| 356 LC_CTYPE 357 # 358 # Upper class: 359 # alphabets in portable character set, 360 # Roman letters in JIS X0208, 361 # Greek letters in JIS X0208 and 362 # Russian letters in JIS X0208. 363 364 upper ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 365 ;;

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 379 ;...;;\ 380 ;...;;\ 381 ;...; 382 # 383 # Alpha class (default): 384 # Upper class 385 # Lower class 386 387 # 388 # Digit class - same as defined in POSIX.2 389 # 390 digit ;;;;;\ 391 ;;;; 392 # 393 # Xdigit class - same as defined in POSIX.2 394 # 3.1 LC_CTYPE 13 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 395 xdigit ;;;;;\ 396 ;;;;;\ 397 ;;;;;;\ 398 ;;;;; 399 # 400 # Blank class - same as defined in POSIX.2 401 # 402 blank ; 403 # 404 # Space class: 405 # Space characters defined in POSIX.2 406 # Space in JIS X0208 407 # 408 409 space ;;;;\ 410 ;;\ 411 412 413 # 414 # Cntrl class - same as defined in POSIX.2 415 # 416 417 cntrl ;;;;;\ 418 ;;\ 419 ;;;;;;;;\ 420 ;;;;;;;;\ 421 ;;;;;;;;\ 422 ; 423 424 # 425 # Punct class - symbols in portable character set only 426 # 427 428 punct ;;;\ 429 ;;;;\ 430 ;;;\ 431 ;;;;;\ 432 ;;;;\ 433 ;;\ 434 ;\ 435 ;;;;\ 436 ;;\ 437 ;\ 438 ;;;; 439 440 # 441 # Graph 442 # 14 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 443 # upper, lower, alpha, digit, xdigit 444 # JIS X0201 printable characters 445 # JIS X0208 printable characters 446 graph ;;;\ 447 ;;;;\ 448 ;;;\ 449 ;;;;;\ 450 ;;;;;\ 451 ;;;;;\ 452 ;;;;\ 453 ;;\ 454 ;\ 455 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 456 ;;

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 457 ;;;;\ 458 ;;\ 459 ;\ 460 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 461 ;;

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 462 ;;;;\ 463 # 464 # The following six comment lines are recommendations for the support of 465 # the right-hand part of JIS X0208, Katakana syllabary: 466 # 467 # ;;;\ 468 # ;;\ 469 # ;...;;\ 470 # ;\ 471 # ;...;;\ 472 # ;;\ 473 # 474 ;...;;\ 475 ;...;;\ 476 ;...;;\ 477 ;...;;\ 478 ;\ 479 ;\ 480 ;\ 481 ;...;;\ 482 ;...;;\ 483 ;\ 484 ;\ 485 ;\ 486 ;...;;\ 487 ;\ 488 ;...;;\ 489 ;...;;\ 490 ;...;;\ 491 ;...;;\ 492 ;...;;\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 15 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 493 ;...;;\ 494 ;...;;\ 495 ;...;;\ 496 ;...;;\ 497 ;...;;\ 498 ;...;;\ 499 ;...;;\ 500 ;...;;\ 501 ;...;;\ 502 ;\ 503 ;...;;\ 504 ;...;;\ 505 ;...;;\ 506 ;...;;\ 507 ;\ 508 ;...;;\ 509 ;...;;\ 510 ;\ 511 ;...;;\ 512 ;\ 513 ;...;;\ 514 ;...;;\ 515 ;\ 516 ;...;;\ 517 ;...;;\ 518 ;\ 519 ;...;;\ 520 ;\ 521 ;...;;\ 522 ;...;;\ 523 ;...;;\ 524 ;...;;\ 525 ;\ 526 ;...;;\ 527 ;...;;\ 528 ;\ 529 ;...;;\ 530 ;...;;\ 531 ;...;;\ 532 ;...;;\ 533 ;\ 534 ;\ 535 ;\ 536 ;\ 537 ;...;;\ 538 ;...;;\ 539 ;...;;\ 540 ;...;;\ 541 ;...;;\ 542 ;\ 543 ;...;;\ 16 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 544 ;...;;\ 545 ;...;;\ 546 ;...;;\ 547 ;...;;\ 548 ;\ 549 ;...;;\ 550 ;...;;\ 551 ;...;;\ 552 ;...;;\ 553 ;\ 554 ;...;;\ 555 ;...;;\ 556 ;...;;\ 557 ;...;;\ 558 ;...;;\ 559 ;...;;\ 560 ;\ 561 ;...;;\ 562 ;...;;\ 563 ;\ 564 ;...;;\ 565 ;...;;\ 566 ;\ 567 ;...;;\ 568 ;\ 569 ;...;;\ 570 ;...;;\ 571 ;\ 572 ;...;;\ 573 ;...;;\ 574 ;...;;\ 575 ;\ 576 ;...;;\ 577 ;...;;\ 578 ;...;;\ 579 ;\ 580 ;...;;\ 581 ;...;;\ 582 ;...;;\ 583 ;...;;\ 584 ;...;;\ 585 ;\ 586 ;...;;\ 587 ;\ 588 ;...;;\ 589 ;...;;\ 590 ;\ 591 ;...;;\ 592 ;...;;\ 593 ;\ 594 ;...;;\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 17 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 595 ;...;;\ 596 ;...;;\ 597 ;...;;\ 598 ;\ 599 ;...;;\ 600 ;...;;\ 601 ;\ 602 ;...;;\ 603 ;...;;\ 604 ;...;;\ 605 ;...;;\ 606 ;...;;\ 607 ;...;;\ 608 ;...;;\ 609 ;\ 610 ;...;;\ 611 ;...;;\ 612 ;...;;\ 613 ;...;;\ 614 ;...;;\ 615 ;...;;\ 616 ;...;;\ 617 ;...;;\ 618 ;...;;\ 619 ;\ 620 ;...;;\ 621 ;...;;\ 622 ;...;;\ 623 ;\ 624 ;...;;\ 625 ;...;;\ 626 ;\ 627 ;...;;\ 628 ;...;;\ 629 ;...;;\ 630 ;...;;\ 631 ;...;;\ 632 ;\ 633 ;...;;\ 634 ;\ 635 ;...;;\ 636 ;...;;\ 637 ;...;;\ 638 ;...;;\ 639 ;\ 640 ;...;;\ 641 ;...;;\ 642 ;...;;\ 643 ;...;;\ 644 ;\ 645 ;\ 18 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 646 ;\ 647 ;...;;\ 648 ;...;;\ 649 ;\ 650 ;...;;\ 651 ;\ 652 ;\ 653 ;...;;\ 654 ;...;;\ 655 ;...;;\ 656 ;...;;\ 657 ;...;;\ 658 ;...;;\ 659 ;...;;\ 660 ;...;;\ 661 ;\ 662 ;\ 663 ;...;;\ 664 ;\ 665 ;...;;\ 666 ;\ 667 ;...;;\ 668 ;...;;\ 669 ;...;;\ 670 ;\ 671 ;...;;\ 672 ;...;;\ 673 ;\ 674 ;\ 675 ;\ 676 ;...;;\ 677 ;...;;\ 678 ;\ 679 ;...;;\ 680 ;...;;\ 681 ;...;;\ 682 ;\ 683 ;...;;\ 684 ;...;;\ 685 ;...;;\ 686 ;...;;\ 687 ;...;;\ 688 ;\ 689 ;...;;\ 690 ;\ 691 ;...;;\ 692 ;...;;\ 693 ;...;;\ 694 ;...;;\ 695 ;\ 696 ;...;;\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 19 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 697 ;\ 698 ;...;;\ 699 ;...;;\ 700 ;...;;\ 701 ;\ 702 ;\ 703 ;\ 704 ;\ 705 ;\ 706 707 # 708 # Print: 709 # 710 # space 711 # upper, lower, alpha, digit, xdigit 712 # JIS X0201 printable characters 713 # JIS X0208 printable characters 714 print ;\ 715 ;;;\ 716 ;;;;\ 717 ;;;\ 718 ;;;;;\ 719 ;;;;;\ 720 ;;;;;\ 721 ;;;;\ 722 ;;\ 723 ;\ 724 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 725 ;;

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 726 ;;;;\ 727 ;;\ 728 ;\ 729 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 730 ;;

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 731 ;;;;\ 732 # 733 # The following six comment lines are recommendations for the support of 734 # the right-hand part of JIS X0208, Katakana syllabary: 735 # 736 # ;;;\ 737 # ;;\ 738 # ;...;;\ 739 # ;\ 740 # ;...;;\ 741 # ;;\ 742 # 743 ;\ 744 ;...;;\ 745 ;...;;\ 20 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 746 ;...;;\ 747 ;...;;\ 748 ;\ 749 ;\ 750 ;\ 751 ;...;;\ 752 ;...;;\ 753 ;\ 754 ;\ 755 ;\ 756 ;...;;\ 757 ;\ 758 ;...;;\ 759 ;...;;\ 760 ;...;;\ 761 ;...;;\ 762 ;...;;\ 763 ;...;;\ 764 ;...;;\ 765 ;...;;\ 766 ;...;;\ 767 ;...;;\ 768 ;...;;\ 769 ;...;;\ 770 ;...;;\ 771 ;...;;\ 772 ;\ 773 ;...;;\ 774 ;...;;\ 775 ;...;;\ 776 ;...;;\ 777 ;\ 778 ;...;;\ 779 ;...;;\ 780 ;\ 781 ;...;;\ 782 ;\ 783 ;...;;\ 784 ;...;;\ 785 ;\ 786 ;...;;\ 787 ;...;;\ 788 ;\ 789 ;...;;\ 790 ;\ 791 ;...;;\ 792 ;...;;\ 793 ;...;;\ 794 ;...;;\ 795 ;\ 796 ;...;;\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 21 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 797 ;...;;\ 798 ;\ 799 ;...;;\ 800 ;...;;\ 801 ;...;;\ 802 ;...;;\ 803 ;\ 804 ;\ 805 ;\ 806 ;\ 807 ;...;;\ 808 ;...;;\ 809 ;...;;\ 810 ;...;;\ 811 ;...;;\ 812 ;\ 813 ;...;;\ 814 ;...;;\ 815 ;...;;\ 816 ;...;;\ 817 ;...;;\ 818 ;\ 819 ;...;;\ 820 ;...;;\ 821 ;...;;\ 822 ;...;;\ 823 ;\ 824 ;...;;\ 825 ;...;;\ 826 ;...;;\ 827 ;...;;\ 828 ;...;;\ 829 ;...;;\ 830 ;\ 831 ;...;;\ 832 ;...;;\ 833 ;\ 834 ;...;;\ 835 ;...;;\ 836 ;\ 837 ;...;;\ 838 ;\ 839 ;...;;\ 840 ;...;;\ 841 ;\ 842 ;...;;\ 843 ;...;;\ 844 ;...;;\ 845 ;\ 846 ;...;;\ 847 ;...;;\ 22 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 848 ;...;;\ 849 ;\ 850 ;...;;\ 851 ;...;;\ 852 ;...;;\ 853 ;...;;\ 854 ;...;;\ 855 ;\ 856 ;...;;\ 857 ;\ 858 ;...;;\ 859 ;...;;\ 860 ;\ 861 ;...;;\ 862 ;...;;\ 863 ;\ 864 ;...;;\ 865 ;...;;\ 866 ;...;;\ 867 ;...;;\ 868 ;\ 869 ;...;;\ 870 ;...;;\ 871 ;\ 872 ;...;;\ 873 ;...;;\ 874 ;...;;\ 875 ;...;;\ 876 ;...;;\ 877 ;...;;\ 878 ;...;;\ 879 ;\ 880 ;...;;\ 881 ;...;;\ 882 ;...;;\ 883 ;...;;\ 884 ;...;;\ 885 ;...;;\ 886 ;...;;\ 887 ;...;;\ 888 ;...;;\ 889 ;\ 890 ;...;;\ 891 ;...;;\ 892 ;...;;\ 893 ;\ 894 ;...;;\ 895 ;...;;\ 896 ;\ 897 ;...;;\ 898 ;...;;\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 23 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 899 ;...;;\ 900 ;...;;\ 901 ;...;;\ 902 ;\ 903 ;...;;\ 904 ;\ 905 ;...;;\ 906 ;...;;\ 907 ;...;;\ 908 ;...;;\ 909 ;\ 910 ;...;;\ 911 ;...;;\ 912 ;...;;\ 913 ;...;;\ 914 ;\ 915 ;\ 916 ;\ 917 ;...;;\ 918 ;...;;\ 919 ;\ 920 ;...;;\ 921 ;\ 922 ;\ 923 ;...;;\ 924 ;...;;\ 925 ;...;;\ 926 ;...;;\ 927 ;...;;\ 928 ;...;;\ 929 ;...;;\ 930 ;...;;\ 931 ;\ 932 ;\ 933 ;...;;\ 934 ;\ 935 ;...;;\ 936 ;\ 937 ;...;;\ 938 ;...;;\ 939 ;...;;\ 940 ;\ 941 ;...;;\ 942 ;...;;\ 943 ;\ 944 ;\ 945 ;\ 946 ;...;;\ 947 ;...;;\ 948 ;\ 949 ;...;;\ 24 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 950 ;...;;\ 951 ;...;;\ 952 ;\ 953 ;...;;\ 954 ;...;;\ 955 ;...;;\ 956 ;...;;\ 957 ;...;;\ 958 ;\ 959 ;...;;\ 960 ;\ 961 ;...;;\ 962 ;...;;\ 963 ;...;;\ 964 ;...;;\ 965 ;\ 966 ;...;;\ 967 ;\ 968 ;...;;\ 969 ;...;;\ 970 ;...;;\ 971 ;\ 972 ;\ 973 ;\ 974 ;\ 975 ;\ 976 977 # 978 # Toupper and tolower - also handle Roman, Greek and Russian 979 # characters in JIS X0208 980 # 981 982 toupper (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 983 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 984 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 985 (

,

);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 986 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 987 (,);\ 988 (,);(,);(,);\ 989 (,);(,);(,);\ 990 (,);(,);(,);\ 991 (,);(,);(,);\ 992 (,);(,);(,);\ 993 (,);(,);(,);\ 994 (,);(,);(,);\ 995 (,);(,);(,);\ 996 (,);(,);\ 997 (,);(,);(,);\ 998 (,);(,);(,);\ 999 (,);(,);(,);\ 3.1 LC_CTYPE 25 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1000 (,);(,);(,);\ 1001 (,);(,);(,);\ 1002 (,);(,);(,);\ 1003 (,);(,);(,);\ 1004 (,);(,);(,);\ 1005 (,);(,);(,);\ 1006 (,);(,);(,);\ 1007 (,);(,);(,);\ 1008 (,);(,);(,);\ 1009 (,);(,);(,);\ 1010 (,);(,);(,);\ 1011 (,);(,);(,);\ 1012 (,);(,);(,);\ 1013 (,);(,);(,);\ 1014 (,);(,);(,);\ 1015 (,);(,);(,) 1016 tolower (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 1017 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 1018 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 1019 (

,

);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 1020 (,);(,);(,);(,);(,);\ 1021 (,);\ 1022 (,);(,);(,);\ 1023 (,);(,);(,);\ 1024 (,);(,);(,);\ 1025 (,);(,);(,);\ 1026 (,);(,);(,);\ 1027 (,);(,);(,);\ 1028 (,);(,);(,);\ 1029 (,);(,);(,);\ 1030 (,);(,);\ 1031 (,);(,);(,);\ 1032 (,);(,);(,);\ 1033 (,);(,);(,);\ 1034 (,);(,);(,);\ 1035 (,);(,);(,);\ 1036 (,);(,);(,);\ 1037 (,);(,);(,);\ 1038 (,);(,);(,);\ 1039 (,);(,);(,);\ 1040 (,);(,);(,);\ 1041 (,);(,);(,);\ 1042 (,);(,);(,);\ 1043 (,);(,);(,);\ 1044 (,);(,);(,);\ 1045 (,);(,);(,);\ 1046 (,);(,);(,);\ 1047 (,);(,);(,);\ 1048 (,);(,);(,);\ 1049 (,);(,);(,) 26 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1050 END LC_CTYPE 1052 3.2 LLLLCCCC____CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLAAAATTTTEEEE 1053 The definition in this section deals with Hiragana and 1054 Katakana, in a restricted way. 1055 LC_COLLATE 1056 # This collation tabel is an attempt to satisfy Japanese 1057 # requirements based on and within the scope of the current POSIX.2 1058 # Draft (D11), and is not regarded as a common practice in Japan. 1059 # 1060 # This collation table is for sorting Japanese by pronunciation. Only 1061 # Hiragana and Katakana (collectively called Kana) are sorted. 1062 # Kanji are sorted according to their encoding. It is expected that 1063 # applications will make use of this by storing Yomi (or pronuciation) 1064 # with each Kanji word or name, and that the Yomi will be used for 1065 # sorting. For example, a telephone number database application might 1066 # store the names of people in Kanji together with the Yomi. 1067 # 1068 # Portable characters are sorted according to their encoding, and upper 1069 # case and lower case are sorted together. 1070 # 1071 # Collation rules were derived from a dictionary. The rules are given 1072 # below, together with examples. In the examples, upper case is used to 1073 # denote Katakana, and lower case to denote Hiragana. 1074 # 1075 # Rule Example 1076 # 1077 # Katakana before Hiragana GARON vs garon 1078 # Small before Normal kyaku vs kiyaku 1079 # Normal before Voiced before Semi-voiced han vs ban, BANKU vs PANKU 1080 # ka before GA before ga kan vs GAN vs gan 1081 # 1082 # For ease of understanding, the symbolic character names used in this 1083 # definition are the ones provided by Keld Simonsen in his 10646 charmap. 1084 # 1085 # The following iteration marks and voiced sound marks are not 1086 # supported. 1087 # 1088 # <*5> HIRAGANA ITERATION MARK 1089 # <+5> HIRAGANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 1090 # <*6> KATAKANA ITERATION MARK 1091 # <+6> KATAKANA VOICED ITERATION MARK 1092 # <"5> HIRAGANA-KATAKANA VOICED SOUND MARK 1093 # <05> HIRAGANA-KATAKANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK 1094 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.2 LC_COLLATE 27 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1095 # The following definitions are for prolonged sounds (for Katakana 1096 # only). 1097 collating-element <*-a6-6> from <-6> 1098 collating-element <*-a6A6> from 1099 collating-element <*-A6-6> from <-6> 1100 collating-element <*-A6A6> from 1101 collating-element <*-Ka-6> from <-6> 1102 collating-element <*-KaA6> from 1103 collating-element <*-Ga-6> from <-6> 1104 collating-element <*-GaA6> from 1105 collating-element <*-Sa-6> from <-6> 1106 collating-element <*-SaA6> from 1107 collating-element <*-Za-6> from <-6> 1108 collating-element <*-ZaA6> from 1109 collating-element <*-Ta-6> from <-6> 1110 collating-element <*-TaA6> from 1111 collating-element <*-Da-6> from <-6> 1112 collating-element <*-DaA6> from 1113 collating-element <*-Na-6> from <-6> 1114 collating-element <*-NaA6> from 1115 collating-element <*-Ha-6> from <-6> 1116 collating-element <*-HaA6> from 1117 collating-element <*-Ba-6> from <-6> 1118 collating-element <*-BaA6> from 1119 collating-element <*-Pa-6> from <-6> 1120 collating-element <*-PaA6> from 1121 collating-element <*-Ma-6> from <-6> 1122 collating-element <*-MaA6> from 1123 collating-element <*-YA-6> from <-6> 1124 collating-element <*-YAA6> from 1125 collating-element <*-Ya-6> from <-6> 1126 collating-element <*-YaA6> from 1127 collating-element <*-Ra-6> from <-6> 1128 collating-element <*-RaA6> from 1129 collating-element <*-WA-6> from <-6> 1130 collating-element <*-WAA6> from 1131 collating-element <*-Wa-6> from <-6> 1132 collating-element <*-WaA6> from 1133 collating-element <*-i6-6> from <-6> 1134 collating-element <*-i6I6> from 1135 collating-element <*-I6-6> from <-6> 1136 collating-element <*-I6I6> from 1137 collating-element <*-Ki-6> from <-6> 1138 collating-element <*-KiI6> from 1139 collating-element <*-Gi-6> from <-6> 1140 collating-element <*-GiI6> from 1141 collating-element <*-Si-6> from <-6> 1142 collating-element <*-SiI6> from 1143 collating-element <*-Zi-6> from <-6> 28 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1144 collating-element <*-ZiI6> from 1145 collating-element <*-Ti-6> from <-6> 1146 collating-element <*-TiI6> from 1147 collating-element <*-Di-6> from <-6> 1148 collating-element <*-DiI6> from 1149 collating-element <*-Ni-6> from <-6> 1150 collating-element <*-NiI6> from 1151 collating-element <*-Hi-6> from <-6> 1152 collating-element <*-HiI6> from 1153 collating-element <*-Pi-6> from <-6> 1154 collating-element <*-PiI6> from 1155 collating-element <*-Bi-6> from <-6> 1156 collating-element <*-BiI6> from 1157 collating-element <*-Mi-6> from <-6> 1158 collating-element <*-MiI6> from 1159 collating-element <*-Ri-6> from <-6> 1160 collating-element <*-RiI6> from 1161 collating-element <*-Wi-6> from <-6> 1162 collating-element <*-WiI6> from 1163 collating-element <*-u6-6> from <-6> 1164 collating-element <*-u6U6> from 1165 collating-element <*-U6-6> from <-6> 1166 collating-element <*-U6U6> from 1167 collating-element <*-Ku-6> from <-6> 1168 collating-element <*-KuU6> from 1169 collating-element <*-Gu-6> from <-6> 1170 collating-element <*-GuU6> from 1171 collating-element <*-Su-6> from <-6> 1172 collating-element <*-SuU6> from 1173 collating-element <*-Zu-6> from <-6> 1174 collating-element <*-ZuU6> from 1175 collating-element <*-Tu-6> from <-6> 1176 collating-element <*-TuU6> from 1177 collating-element <*-Du-6> from <-6> 1178 collating-element <*-DuU6> from 1179 collating-element <*-Nu-6> from <-6> 1180 collating-element <*-NuU6> from 1181 collating-element <*-Hu-6> from <-6> 1182 collating-element <*-HuU6> from 1183 collating-element <*-Bu-6> from <-6> 1184 collating-element <*-BuU6> from 1185 collating-element <*-Pu-6> from <-6> 1186 collating-element <*-PuU6> from 1187 collating-element <*-Mu-6> from <-6> 1188 collating-element <*-MuU6> from 1189 collating-element <*-YU-6> from <-6> 1190 collating-element <*-YUU6> from 1191 collating-element <*-Yu-6> from <-6> 1192 collating-element <*-YuU6> from 1193 collating-element <*-Ru-6> from <-6> 1194 collating-element <*-RuU6> from 3.2 LC_COLLATE 29 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1195 collating-element <*-Vu-6> from <-6> 1196 collating-element <*-VuU6> from 1197 collating-element <*-e6-6> from <-6> 1198 collating-element <*-e6E6> from 1199 collating-element <*-E6-6> from <-6> 1200 collating-element <*-E6E6> from 1201 collating-element <*-Ke-6> from <-6> 1202 collating-element <*-KeE6> from 1203 collating-element <*-Ge-6> from <-6> 1204 collating-element <*-GeE6> from 1205 collating-element <*-Se-6> from <-6> 1206 collating-element <*-SeE6> from 1207 collating-element <*-Ze-6> from <-6> 1208 collating-element <*-ZeE6> from 1209 collating-element <*-Te-6> from <-6> 1210 collating-element <*-TeE6> from 1211 collating-element <*-De-6> from <-6> 1212 collating-element <*-DeE6> from 1213 collating-element <*-Ne-6> from <-6> 1214 collating-element <*-NeE6> from 1215 collating-element <*-He-6> from <-6> 1216 collating-element <*-HeE6> from 1217 collating-element <*-Be-6> from <-6> 1218 collating-element <*-BeE6> from 1219 collating-element <*-Pe-6> from <-6> 1220 collating-element <*-PeE6> from 1221 collating-element <*-Me-6> from <-6> 1222 collating-element <*-MeE6> from 1223 collating-element <*-Re-6> from <-6> 1224 collating-element <*-ReE6> from 1225 collating-element <*-We-6> from <-6> 1226 collating-element <*-WeE6> from 1227 collating-element <*-o6-6> from <-6> 1228 collating-element <*-o6O6> from 1229 collating-element <*-O6-6> from <-6> 1230 collating-element <*-O6O6> from 1231 collating-element <*-Ko-6> from <-6> 1232 collating-element <*-KoO6> from 1233 collating-element <*-Go-6> from <-6> 1234 collating-element <*-GoO6> from 1235 collating-element <*-So-6> from <-6> 1236 collating-element <*-SoO6> from 1237 collating-element <*-Zo-6> from <-6> 1238 collating-element <*-ZoO6> from 1239 collating-element <*-To-6> from <-6> 1240 collating-element <*-ToO6> from 1241 collating-element <*-Do-6> from <-6> 1242 collating-element <*-DoO6> from 1243 collating-element <*-No-6> from <-6> 1244 collating-element <*-NoO6> from 1245 collating-element <*-Ho-6> from <-6> 30 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1246 collating-element <*-HoO6> from 1247 collating-element <*-Bo-6> from <-6> 1248 collating-element <*-BoO6> from 1249 collating-element <*-Po-6> from <-6> 1250 collating-element <*-PoO6> from 1251 collating-element <*-Mo-6> from <-6> 1252 collating-element <*-MoO6> from 1253 collating-element <*-YO-6> from <-6> 1254 collating-element <*-YOO6> from 1255 collating-element <*-Yo-6> from <-6> 1256 collating-element <*-YoO6> from 1257 collating-element <*-Ro-6> from <-6> 1258 collating-element <*-RoO6> from 1259 collating-element <*-Wo-6> from <-6> 1260 collating-element <*-WoO6> from 1261 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1262 order_start forward;forward 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 3.2 LC_COLLATE 31 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 ; 1329 ; 1330 ; 1331 ; 1332 ; 1333 ; 1334 ; 1335 ; 1336 ; 1337 ; 1338 ; 1339 ; 1340 ; 1341 ; 1342 ; 1343 ; 32 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1344 ; 1345 ; 1346 ; 1347 ; 1348 ; 1349 ; 1350 ; 1351 ; 1352 ; 1353 ; 1354 ; 1355 ; 1356 ; 1357 ; 1358

;

1359

;

1360 ; 1361 ; 1362 ; 1363 ; 1364 ; 1365 ; 1366 ; 1367 ; 1368 ; 1369 ; 1370 ; 1371 ; 1372 ; 1373 ; 1374 ; 1375 ; 1376 ; 1377 ; 1378 ; 1379 ; 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 ; 1392 <*-a6-6> ;<-6> 1393 <*-a6A6> ; 1394 ; 3.2 LC_COLLATE 33 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1395 ; 1396 <*-A6-6> ;<-6> 1397 <*-A6A6> ; 1398 ; 1399 ; 1400 <*-i6-6> ;<-6> 1401 <*-i6I6> ; 1402 ; 1403 ; 1404 <*-I6-6> ;<-6> 1405 <*-I6I6> ; 1406 ; 1407 ; 1408 <*-u6-6> ;<-6> 1409 <*-u6U6> ; 1410 ; 1411 ; 1412 <*-U6-6> ;<-6> 1413 <*-U6U6> ; 1414 ; 1415 ; 1416 <*-Vu-6> ;<-6> 1417 <*-VuU6> ; 1418 ; 1419 <*-e6-6> ;<-6> 1420 <*-e6E6> ; 1421 ; 1422 ; 1423 <*-E6-6> ;<-6> 1424 <*-E6E6> ; 1425 ; 1426 ; 1427 <*-o6-6> ;<-6> 1428 <*-o6O6> ; 1429 ; 1430 ; 1431 <*-O6-6> ;<-6> 1432 <*-O6O6> ; 1433 ; 1434 ; 1435 ; 1436 <*-Ka-6> ;<-6> 1437 <*-KaA6> ; 1438 ; 1439 ; 1440 <*-Ga-6> ;<-6> 1441 <*-GaA6> ; 1442 ; 1443 ; 1444 <*-Ki-6> ;<-6> 1445 <*-KiI6> ; 34 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1446 ; 1447 ; 1448 <*-Gi-6> ;<-6> 1449 <*-GiI6> ; 1450 ; 1451 ; 1452 <*-Ku-6> ;<-6> 1453 <*-KuU6> ; 1454 ; 1455 ; 1456 <*-Gu-6> ;<-6> 1457 <*-GuU6> ; 1458 ; 1459 ; 1460 ; 1461 <*-Ke-6> ;<-6> 1462 <*-KeE6> ; 1463 ; 1464 ; 1465 <*-Ge-6> ;<-6> 1466 <*-GeE6> ; 1467 ; 1468 ; 1469 <*-Ko-6> ;<-6> 1470 <*-KoO6> ; 1471 ; 1472 ; 1473 <*-Go-6> ;<-6> 1474 <*-GoO6> ; 1475 ; 1476 ; 1477 <*-Sa-6> ;<-6> 1478 <*-SaA6> ; 1479 ; 1480 ; 1481 <*-Za-6> ;<-6> 1482 <*-ZaA6> ; 1483 ; 1484 ; 1485 <*-Si-6> ;<-6> 1486 <*-SiI6> ; 1487 ; 1488 ; 1489 <*-Zi-6> ;<-6> 1490 <*-ZiI6> ; 1491 ; 1492 ; 1493 <*-Su-6> ;<-6> 1494 <*-SuU6> ; 1495 ; 1496 ; 3.2 LC_COLLATE 35 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1497 <*-Zu-6> ;<-6> 1498 <*-ZuU6> ; 1499 ; 1500 ; 1501 <*-Se-6> ;<-6> 1502 <*-SeE6> ; 1503 ; 1504 ; 1505 <*-Ze-6> ;<-6> 1506 <*-ZeE6> ; 1507 ; 1508 ; 1509 <*-So-6> ;<-6> 1510 <*-SoO6> ; 1511 ; 1512 ; 1513 <*-Zo-6> ;<-6> 1514 <*-ZoO6> ; 1515 ; 1516 ; 1517 <*-Ta-6> ;<-6> 1518 <*-TaA6> ; 1519 ; 1520 ; 1521 <*-Da-6> ;<-6> 1522 <*-DaA6> ; 1523 ; 1524 ; 1525 <*-Ti-6> ;<-6> 1526 <*-TiI6> ; 1527 ; 1528 ; 1529 <*-Di-6> ;<-6> 1530 <*-DiI6> ; 1531 ; 1532 ; 1533 ; 1534 ; 1535 <*-Tu-6> ;<-6> 1536 <*-TuU6> ; 1537 ; 1538 ; 1539 <*-Du-6> ;<-6> 1540 <*-DuU6> ; 1541 ; 1542 ; 1543 <*-Te-6> ;<-6> 1544 <*-TeE6> ; 1545 ; 1546 ; 1547 <*-De-6> ;<-6> 36 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1548 <*-DeE6> ; 1549 ; 1550 ; 1551 <*-To-6> ;<-6> 1552 <*-ToO6> ; 1553 ; 1554 ; 1555 <*-Do-6> ;<-6> 1556 <*-DoO6> ; 1557 ; 1558 ; 1559 <*-Na-6> ;<-6> 1560 <*-NaA6> ; 1561 ; 1562 ; 1563 <*-Ni-6> ;<-6> 1564 <*-NiI6> ; 1565 ; 1566 ; 1567 <*-Nu-6> ;<-6> 1568 <*-NuU6> ; 1569 ; 1570 ; 1571 <*-Ne-6> ;<-6> 1572 <*-NeE6> ; 1573 ; 1574 ; 1575 <*-No-6> ;<-6> 1576 <*-NoO6> ; 1577 ; 1578 ; 1579 <*-Ha-6> ;<-6> 1580 <*-HaA6> ; 1581 ; 1582 ; 1583 <*-Ba-6> ;<-6> 1584 <*-BaA6> ; 1585 ; 1586 ; 1587 <*-Pa-6> ;<-6> 1588 <*-PaA6> ; 1589 ; 1590 ; 1591 <*-Hi-6> ;<-6> 1592 <*-HiI6> ; 1593 ; 1594 ; 1595 <*-Bi-6> ;<-6> 1596 <*-BiI6> ; 1597 ; 1598 ; 3.2 LC_COLLATE 37 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1599 <*-Pi-6> ;<-6> 1600 <*-PiI6> ; 1601 ; 1602 ; 1603 <*-Hu-6> ;<-6> 1604 <*-HuU6> ; 1605 ; 1606 ; 1607 <*-Bu-6> ;<-6> 1608 <*-BuU6> ; 1609 ; 1610 ; 1611 <*-Pu-6> ;<-6> 1612 <*-PuU6> ; 1613 ; 1614 ; 1615 <*-He-6> ;<-6> 1616 <*-HeE6> ; 1617 ; 1618 ; 1619 <*-Be-6> ;<-6> 1620 <*-BeE6> ; 1621 ; 1622 ; 1623 <*-Pe-6> ;<-6> 1624 <*-PeE6> ; 1625 ; 1626 ; 1627 <*-Ho-6> ;<-6> 1628 <*-HoO6> ; 1629 ; 1630 ; 1631 <*-Bo-6> ;<-6> 1632 <*-BoO6> ; 1633 ; 1634 ; 1635 <*-Po-6> ;<-6> 1636 <*-PoO6> ; 1637 ; 1638 ; 1639 <*-Ma-6> ;<-6> 1640 <*-MaA6> ; 1641 ; 1642 ; 1643 <*-Mi-6> ;<-6> 1644 <*-MiI6> ; 1645 ; 1646 ; 1647 <*-Mu-6> ;<-6> 1648 <*-MuU6> ; 1649 ; 38 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1650 ; 1651 <*-Me-6> ;<-6> 1652 <*-MeE6> ; 1653 ; 1654 ; 1655 <*-Mo-6> ;<-6> 1656 <*-MoO6> ; 1657 ; 1658 ; 1659 <*-YA-6> ;<-6> 1660 <*-YAA6> ; 1661 ; 1662 ; 1663 <*-Ya-6> ;<-6> 1664 <*-YaA6> ; 1665 ; 1666 ; 1667 <*-YU-6> ;<-6> 1668 <*-YUU6> ; 1669 ; 1670 ; 1671 <*-Yu-6> ;<-6> 1672 <*-YuU6> ; 1673 ; 1674 ; 1675 <*-YO-6> ;<-6> 1676 <*-YOO6> ; 1677 ; 1678 ; 1679 <*-Yo-6> ;<-6> 1680 <*-YoO6> ; 1681 ; 1682 ; 1683 <*-Ra-6> ;<-6> 1684 <*-RaA6> ; 1685 ; 1686 ; 1687 <*-Ri-6> ;<-6> 1688 <*-RiI6> ; 1689 ; 1690 ; 1691 <*-Ru-6> ;<-6> 1692 <*-RuU6> ; 1693 ; 1694 ; 1695 <*-Re-6> ;<-6> 1696 <*-ReE6> ; 1697 ; 1698 ; 1699 <*-Ro-6> ;<-6> 1700 <*-RoO6> ; 3.2 LC_COLLATE 39 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1701 ; 1702 ; 1703 <*-WA-6> ;<-6> 1704 <*-WAA6> ; 1705 ; 1706 ; 1707 <*-Wa-6> ;<-6> 1708 <*-WaA6> ; 1709 ; 1710 ; 1711 <*-Wi-6> ;<-6> 1712 <*-WiI6> ; 1713 ; 1714 ; 1715 <*-We-6> ;<-6> 1716 <*-WeE6> ; 1717 ; 1718 ; 1719 <*-Wo-6> ;<-6> 1720 <*-WoO6> ; 1721 ; 1722 ; 1723 ; 1724 UNDEFINED 1725 order_end 1726 END LC_COLLATE 1728 3.3 LLLLCCCC____MMMMEEEESSSSSSSSAAAAGGGGEEEESSSS 1729 LC_MESSAGES 1730 # Any string starting with any form of Latin Y is 1731 # recognized as affirmative answer. 1732 # Any string starting with any form of Latin N is 1733 # recognized as negative answer. 1734 # Installations may add other definitions such as for 1735 # Hiragana and Katakana strings. 1736 # yesexpr "^[]" 1737 yesexpr "\ 1738 " 1739 # noexpr "^[]" 1740 noexpr "\ 1741 " 40 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1742 END LC_MESSAGES 1744 3.4 LLLLCCCC____MMMMOOOONNNNEEEETTTTAAAARRRRYYYY 1745 LC_MONETARY 1746 # 1747 # The character used as currency_symbol may 1748 # either be double-assigned to (whose code 1749 # in ISO 646 is for YEN sign in JIS X0201) or . 1750 # 1751 int_curr_symbol "

" 1752 currency_symbol "" 1753 mon_decimal_point "" 1754 mon_thousand_sep "" 1755 mon_grouping "3;0" 1756 positive_sign "" 1757 negative_sign "" 1758 int_frac_digits "0" 1759 frac_digits "0" 1760 p_cs_precedes "1" 1761 p_sep_by_space "0" 1762 n_cs_precedes "1" 1763 n_sep_by_space "0" 1764 p_sign_posn "1" 1765 n_sign_posn "4" 1766 END LC_MONETARY 1768 3.5 LLLLCCCC____NNNNUUUUMMMMEEEERRRRIIIICCCC 1769 LC_NUMERIC 1770 # 1771 # Japanese numeric representation currently widely used 1772 # is the one imported from the U.S. in late 19th century. 1773 # 1774 decimal_point "" 1775 thousands_sep "" 1776 grouping "3;0" 1777 END LC_NUMERIC 3.5 LC_NUMERIC 41 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1779 3.6 LLLLCCCC____TTTTIIIIMMMMEEEE 1780 LC_TIME 1781 # 1782 # The definition uses Kanji where it is appropriate. 1783 # We have same definition for abmon and mon, because Japanese 1784 # full representation for a month is enough short. Ancient 1785 # month names (MUTUKI, KISARAGI, YAYOI, etc.) are not supported. 1786 # 1787 1788 # 1789 # NICHI, GETSU, KA, SUI, MOKU, KIN and DO in Kanji 1790 # for Sunday through Saturday respectively. 1791 # 1792 abday "";"";"";"";\ 1793 "";"";"" 1 1794 # 1795 # NICHI-YOBI, GETSU-YOBI, KA-YOBI, SUI-YOBI, 1796 # MOKU-YOBI, KIN-YOBI and DO-YOBI in Kanji 1797 # for Sunday through Saturday respectively. 1798 # 1799 day "";"";\ 1800 "";"";\ 1801 "";"";\ 1802 "" 1 1803 # Abmon and mon: 1804 # 1805 # Abmon and mon are identical. 1806 # The numeric character part in abmon and mon may 1807 # either the digits in portable characters 1808 # or the numbers in JIS X0208. The conforming 1809 # installations shall choose one of these two 1810 # different definitions: 1811 # 1812 # (1) 1-gatsu, 2-gatsu, and so on with portable 1813 # characters for January through December. 1814 # 1815 # abmon "";"";"";\ 1816 # "";"";"";\ 1817 # "";"";"";\ 1818 # "";"";\ 1819 # "" 1820 # 1821 # mon "";"";"";\ 1822 # "";"";"";\ 42 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1823 # "";"";"";\ 1824 # "";"";\ 1825 # "" 1826 # 1827 # (2) 1-gatsu, 2-gatsu, and so on with numbers in JIS X0208 1828 # for January through December. 1829 # 1830 # abmon "";"";"";\ 1831 # "";"";"";\ 1832 # "";"";"";\ 1833 # "";"";\ 1834 # "" 1835 # 1836 # mon "";"";"";\ 1837 # "";"";"";\ 1838 # "";"";"";\ 1839 # "";"";\ 1840 # "" 1841 # 1842 # Era year 1843 # HEISEI, SHOWA, TAISHO and MEIJI eras are supported which 1844 # are in anti-chronological order. 1845 # Years before MEIJI are printed as SEIREKI (A.D.) or KIGENZEN (B.C.). 1846 # 1847 # era "+:2:1990/01/01:+*::%N%o";\ 1848 # "+:1:1989/01/08:1989/12/31::%N";\ 1849 # "+:2:1927/01/01:1989/01/07::%N%o";\ 1850 # "+:1:1926/12/25:1926/12/31::%N";\ 1851 # "+:2:1913/01/01:1926/12/24::%N%o";\ 1852 # "+:1:1912/07/30:1912/12/31::%N";\ 1853 # "+:2:1869/01/01:1912/07/29::%N%o";\ 1854 # "+:1:1868/09/08:1868/12/31::%N";\ 1855 # "+:1:1/1/1:1868/09/07::%N%o";\ 1856 # "-:1:-1/12/31:-*::%N%o" 1857 era "\ 1858 \ 1859 \ 1860 \ 1861 \ 1862 ";\ 1863 "\ 1864 \ 1865 \ 1866 \ 1867 \ 1868 ";\ 1869 "\ 1870 \ 1871 \ 3.6 LC_TIME 43 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1872 \ 1873 \ 1874 ";\ 1875 "\ 1876 \ 1877 5\ 1878 \ 1879 \ 1880 ";\ 1881 "\ 1882 \ 1883 \ 1884 4\ 1885 \ 1886 ";\ 1887 "\ 1888 \ 1889 \ 1890 \ 1891 \ 1892 ";\ 1893 "\ 1894 \ 1895 \ 1896 \ 1897 \ 1898 ";\ 1899 "\ 1900 \ 1901 \ 1902 \ 1903 \ 1904 ";\ 1905 "\ 1906 \ 1907 \ 1908 \ 1909 \ 1910 ";\ 1911 "\ 1912 \ 1913 \ 1914 \ 1915 \ 1916 " 1917 1918 # Expected output date format: 1919 # 1920 # HEISEI 2 NEN 8 GATSU 20 NICHI ( GETSU ) 9 JI 30 FUN 0 BYOU 1921 # in Kanji 1922 # 44 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1923 # d_t_fmt "%E%m%d%a%H%M%S" 1924 # 1925 d_t_fmt "\ 1926 \ 1927 " 1928 # 1929 # %y/%m/%d (91/02/28) 1930 # 1931 # d_fmt "%y%m%d" 1932 # 1933 d_fmt "" 1934 # 1935 # %H:%M:%S (9:45:00) 1936 # 1937 # t_fmt "%H%M%S" 1938 # 1939 t_fmt "" 1940 # 1941 # GOZEN and GOGO in Kanji for a.m and p.m. respectively 1942 # 1943 am_pm "";"" 1 1944 END LC_TIME 1946 3.7 LLLLAAAANNNNGGGG 1947 It is recommended that LANG should be defined using a scheme 1948 which is proposed by X/Open for X/Open Portability Guide 1949 Edition 4(XPG4). 3.7 LANG 45 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1951 Annex A ((((iiiinnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttiiiivvvveeee)))) RRRRaaaattttiiiioooonnnnaaaalllleeee aaaannnndddd NNNNooootttteeeessss 1953 A.1 GGGGeeeennnneeeerrrraaaallll 1955 A.2 PPPPaaaarrrraaaammmmeeeetttteeeerrrrssss aaaannnndddd OOOOppppttttiiiioooonnnnssss 1957 A.2.1 CCCChhhhaaaarrrrmmmmaaaapppp ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....2222)))) 1959 A.2.1.1 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr CCCCooooddddeeeessss aaaannnndddd GGGGllllyyyypppphhhhssss iiiinnnn tttthhhheeee NNNNaaaattttiiiioo oonnnnaaaallll SSSSttttaaaannnnddddaaaarrrrdddd 1960 In addition to Japanese verison of ISO 646, Japanese 1961 Industrial Standards Commission has defined three character 1962 sets: JIS X0201, JIS X0208 and JIS X0212. Some 1963 implementations map these three character sets into a 1964 multi-octet code space with the most significant bit in each 1965 octet ignored, while other implementations utilize all the 1966 bits in each octet. Both stateful and stateless encoding 1967 schemes are widely used. 1968 We have several popular mapping implementations usually 1969 referred to as JIS7, JIS8, UJIS (JIS based on EUC) and 1970 Shifted JIS (or MS Kanji code). There are EBCDIC-based 1971 implementations, collectively known as EBCDIC Kanji, which 1972 are vendor specific. There are also other vendor specific 1973 mapping implementations. 1974 Japanese version of ISO 646 consists of the same character 1975 set as ISO 646IRV except: 1976 o+ substitutes Y= (yen currency symbol) for \ (backslash); 1977 o+ substitutes 8_9 (overbar sign) for ~ (tilde). 1978 JIS X0201 consists of: 1979 o+ the left-hand part which contains the same character 1980 set as Japanese version of ISO 646; 1981 o+ the right-hand part which contains Katakana syllabary. 1982 JIS X0208 consists of: 1983 o+ Alphanumeric characters and other symbols (overlaps 1984 with Japanese version of ISO 646); 1985 o+ Hiragana syllabary; 1986 o+ Katakana syllabary(overlaps with JIS X0201); 46 (informative) Rationale and Notes Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 1987 o+ Russian and Greek characters; 1988 o+ Special symbols; 1989 o+ Kanji. 1990 JIS X0212 consists of other Kanji characters. The number of 1991 characters defined in JIS X0208 and JIS X0212 in total is 1992 more than 10,000. 1994 A.2.1.2 IIIImmmmpppplllleeeemmmmeeeennnnttttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn IIIIssssssssuuuueeeessss 1997 A.2.2 CCCCHHHHAAAARRRR____BBBBIIIITTTT aaaannnndddd CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr HHHHaaaannnnddddlllliiiinnnngggg iiiinnnn CCCC LLLLaaa annnngggguuuuaaaaggggeeee ((((IIIISSSSOOOO 1998 9999888899999999)))) 1999 ISO 9899 requests that the value of CHAR_BIT is equal to or 2000 greater than 8. We came to the conclusion that the CHAR_BIT 2001 value in Japanese National Profile shall be 8 because of the 2002 two major reasons: almost all existing UNIX systems in Japan 2003 as well as in the western world are practically based on the 2004 CHAR_BIT value of 8; if we define any other value than 8 as 2005 the CHAR_BIT value in Japanese National Profile, the 2006 interoperability between existing systems and the conforming 2007 systems will become a big issue. 2008 In the discussion about CHAR_BIT, there were many opinions 2009 presented. one of them is shown below: 2010 It was suggested to define the CHAR_BIT to be large enough 2011 to handle multi- octet character set such as Kanji 2012 character. There are still several questions around this 2013 problem. In the definition of system function interface, the 2014 concept of character is still vague, especially for multi- 2015 octet characters. In ISO 9899 C language standard, the 2016 concept of wchar_t is suggested, and it is quite different 2017 from the ordinal character type which is suitable for 2018 handling a single octet character set such as ASCII and most 2019 European characters. Therefore, even if the CHAR_BIT is 2020 supposed to be defined as 16, the entire problem is not 2021 solved. 2022 For example, it is still vague how to switch a single octet 2023 character set environment to multi-octet character set 2024 environment through the use of setlocale function. In an 2025 ideal internationalized system, the multilingual system is 2026 desirable. That is, there are several national characters 2027 existing simultaneously in one system environment. In that 2028 case, the concept of character should be general enough to 2029 handle both single octet and multi-octet characters. The 2030 current solution in C language standard to handle multi- 2031 octet characters by using wchar_t does not fit to this goal. 2032 In that status, for the national profile for each country or A.2 Parameters and Options 47 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 2033 cultural environment, the definition should be carefully 2034 carried out so that several national profiles can be handled 2035 simultaneously in the one system environment. 2036 It is still vague whether a national profile defines the 2037 subset of the system environment from the generally defined 2038 environment (internationalized environment). For this 2039 purpose, it still needs to handle several character sets in 2040 the consistent manner. In the current C language standard, 2041 the character type and wchar_t type is not necessarily 2042 consistent. Therefore, we need to investigate an ideal 2043 method to handle several character sets consistently. 2045 A.2.3 DDDDeeeelllleeeetttteeee CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 2046 The operation of delete character in POSIX.1 is defined not 2047 for byte (octet), but for character in POSIX term. Because 2048 it tends to be misunderstood when multi-octet characters are 2049 used, the description in this section was added. 2051 A.2.4 FFFFiiiilllleeee NNNNaaaammmmeeee LLLLeeeennnnggggtttthhhh aaaannnndddd iiiittttssss HHHHaaaannnnddddlllliiiinnnngggg ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIII IXXXX....1111)))) 2053 A.2.5 CCCChhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrr EEEEnnnnccccooooddddiiiinnnngggg ffffoooorrrr PPPPaaaatttthhhh NNNNaaaammmmeeee DDDDeeeelllliiiimmm iiiitttteeeerrrrssss ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 2055 A.2.6 AAAArrrrcccchhhhiiiivvvveeee FFFFoooorrrrmmmmaaaatttt EEEExxxxtttteeeennnnssssiiiioooonnnnssss ((((PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....1111)))) 2056 SSI/POSIX Working Group strongly feels the needs of multi- 2057 octet character usage in the archive format. But this means 2058 that there should be an agreement on the encoding scheme for 2059 multi-octet characters. The group will continue to study on 2060 this issue. 2062 A.3 JJJJaaaappppaaaannnneeeesssseeee LLLLooooccccaaaalllleeee ((((IIIISSSSOOOO 9999888899999999 aaaannnndddd PPPPOOOOSSSSIIIIXXXX....2222)))) 2063 Although the members in SSI/POSIX Working Group fells that 2064 the entire JIS X0201 characters should be supported, there 2065 are a few vendors whose existing systems do not support the 2066 right-hand part of JIS X0201 (Katakana). The group therefore 2067 decided to remove such characters from mandatory character 2068 sets. 2070 A.3.1 LLLLCCCC____CCCCTTTTYYYYPPPPEEEE 2072 A.3.2 LLLLCCCC____CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLAAAATTTTEEEE 2073 (Japanese characters) - The Japanese characters defined in 2074 JIS x0201, X0208 and X0212 consist of the following: 2075 o+ iragana 2076 sy labary 2077 o+ atakana 2078 sy labary 48 (informative) Rationale and Notes Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 2079 o+ anji 2080 Romanization (Romaji) is also used. 2081 (Japanese culture about the character order) - In many cases 2082 in Japan, the character order is mainly based on the 2083 pronunciation of characters. In other cases, the order is 2084 based on the radicals and stroke numbers of Kanji, or 2085 combination of all or some of these. 2086 (Hiragana and Katakana) - In these characters, the letter 2087 and its pronunciation are usually matched one by one with 2088 some exceptions listed below as issues. So it is relatively 2089 possible to define the collating sequence of Hiragana and 2090 Katakana independently. But in the case of mixture of 2091 Hiragana and Katakana, the collation is an issue. 2092 The issues are the order of: 2093 o+ iragana 2094 an 2095 Ka akana; 2096 o+ ormal 2097 an 2098 sm ll 2099 ch racters 2100 fo 2101 bo h 2102 Hi agana 2103 an 2104 Ka akana 2105 (e . 2106 ki a 2107 an 2108 ky ); 2109 o+ ormal, 2110 Vo ced 2111 an 2112 Se i- 2113 vo ced 2114 ch racters 2115 fo 2116 bo h 2117 Hi agana 2118 an 2119 Ka akana 2120 (e . 2121 ha 2122 ba A.3 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) 49 Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 2123 an 2124 pa 2125 in 2126 Ro anization); 2127 o+ teration 2128 ma k 2129 fo 2130 bo h 2131 Hi agana 2132 an 2133 Ka akana; 2134 o+ rolonged 2135 ma k 2136 fo 2137 Ka akana. 2138 (Kanji) - Kanji has several attributes - pronunciation, 2139 stroke number, radical, etc., and these attributes could be 2140 the key to order them. 2141 A Kanji character may have multiple way of pronunciation. 2142 For example, the character (in JIS X0208) is 2143 pronounced in nine different ways depending on its usage in 2144 various words which contains the character. In Romanization, 2145 these are shown as: 2146 bi 2147 hi 2148 ni 2149 pi 2150 ka 2151 jitsu 2152 nichi 2153 nitsu 2154 tachi 2155 The pronunciation of Kanji therefore can be determined only 2156 when the word in which the Kanji is used is known. So it is 2157 not adequate for Kanji to be collated according to only one 2158 of the multiple pronunciations. 2159 (Romaji - Romanization of Hiragana and Katakana characters) 2160 - In Romaji, one character is represented with one, two or 2161 three Roman alphabet. Each set of Roman alphabet therefore 2162 should be kept in the collation process, which is an issue. 2163 (An example of sorting rules use in Japan) - A common 2164 telephone directory uses multiple sorting rules combined - 2165 pronunciation, stroke counts of Kanji character, first sound 2166 of initial character, sound counts of character (one sounded 50 (informative) Rationale and Notes Draft Japanese National Profile for POSIX Version 1.1 2167 character prior to two sounded character), etc.. 2169 A.3.3 LLLLCCCC____MMMMEEEESSSSSSSSAAAAGGGGEEEESSSS 2171 A.3.4 LLLLCCCC____MMMMOOOONNNNEEEETTTTAAAARRRRYYYY 2173 A.3.5 LLLLCCCC____NNNNUUUUMMMMEEEERRRRIIIICCCC 2175 A.3.6 LLLLCCCC____TTTTIIIIMMMMEEEE 2177 A.3.7 LLLLAAAANNNNGGGG A.3 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2) 51 CONTENTS Foreword................................................ 1 Introduction............................................ 4 Section 1 General...................................... 5 1.1 Scope................................... 5 1.2 References.............................. 5 1.3 Objectives.............................. 6 1.4 Japanese POSIX Conformance.............. 6 1.4.1 System Requirements.............. 6 1.4.2 Application Conformance.......... 6 1.4.3 C language....................... 7 1.4.4 Relationship with POSIX Conformance...................... 7 1.5 Special Remarks in Defining Japanese National Profile for POSIX.............. 7 1.5.1 Character Naming................. 7 1.5.2 Glyph Usage in Character Map Table Definition................. 7 1.5.3 Character Coding................. 8 Section 2 Parameters and Options....................... 9 2.1 Charmap (POSIX.2)....................... 9 2.1.1 Character Codes and Glyphs in the National Standard............ 9 2.1.2 Implementation Issues............ 9 2.2 CHAR_BIT and Character Handling in C Language (ISO 9899)..................... 10 2.3 Delete Character (POSIX.1).............. 10 2.4 File Name Length and its Handling (POSIX.1)............................... 10 2.5 Character Encoding for Path Name Delimiters (POSIX.1).................... 11 2.6 Archive Format Extensions (POSIX.1)..... 11 Section 3 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2)....... 12 3.1 LC_CTYPE................................ 12 3.2 LC_COLLATE.............................. 27 3.3 LC_MESSAGES............................. 40 3.4 LC_MONETARY............................. 41 3.5 LC_NUMERIC.............................. 41 3.6 LC_TIME................................. 42 3.7 LANG.................................... 45 Annex A (informative) Rationale and Notes............ 46 A.1 General................................. 46 A.2 Parameters and Options.................. 46 A.2.1 Charmap (POSIX.2)................ 46 - i - A.2.1.1 Character Codes and Glyphs in the National Standard................ 46 A.2.1.2 Implementation Issues.................. 47 A.2.2 CHAR_BIT and Character Handling in C Language (ISO 9899)......... 47 A.2.3 Delete Character (POSIX.1)....... 48 A.2.4 File Name Length and its Handling (POSIX.1)............... 48 A.2.5 Character Encoding for Path Name Delimiters (POSIX.1)............. 48 A.2.6 Archive Format Extensions (POSIX.1)........................ 48 A.3 Japanese Locale (ISO 9899 and POSIX.2)................................ 48 A.3.1 LC_CTYPE......................... 48 A.3.2 LC_COLLATE....................... 48 A.3.3 LC_MESSAGES...................... 51 A.3.4 LC_MONETARY...................... 51 A.3.5 LC_NUMERIC....................... 51 A.3.6 LC_TIME.......................... 51 A.3.7 LANG............................. 51 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1. Character classes of JIS X0208 characters..... 12 - ii -

;;;;;;;;;;;\ 366 ;...;;\ 367 ;...;;\ 368 ;...; 369 370 # 371 # Lower class: 372 # Alphabets in portable character set, 373 # Roman letters in JIS X0208, 374 # Greek letters in JIS X0208 and 375 # Russian letters in JIS X0208. 376 377 lower ;;;;;;;;;;;;;\ 378 ;;